In photography, exposure is the total amount of light bouncing off a subject that is allowed to enter through an opening in the camera lens for a certain period of time until the light (image) is recorded onto the camera sensor.
A photo that has "good" or "correct exposure" is a photo that has the ideal amount of light for the subject. Meaning, it is not too dark or too light.
There are three elements that effect exposure:
- Aperture
- Shutter Speed
- ISO
The size of the opening in the lens when a photo is taken. The opening controls how much light can enter your camera at once. The larger the hole, the more light that gets in. The smaller the hole, the less light that gets into your photograph.
Shutter speed:
The amount of time that the shutter is open. This amount of time controls the amount of time that light is allowed to hit the sensor. The bigger the denominator, the faster the speed. Therefore, 1/1000 is much quicker than 1/60. Depending on how you want your image to look, this could drastically effect the outcome of your photo.
The amount of time that the shutter is open. This amount of time controls the amount of time that light is allowed to hit the sensor. The bigger the denominator, the faster the speed. Therefore, 1/1000 is much quicker than 1/60. Depending on how you want your image to look, this could drastically effect the outcome of your photo.
ISO: the sensitivity of the photographic medium to light. In film cameras, this refers to how sensitive the film is to light and in digital cameras it refers to how sensitive your camera's digital sensor is to light. More sensitivity to light means less light is needed for a good exposure of a photograph.
These 3 elements are tightly related. A change in one of the elements will impact the other two. Coming up with the correct exposure means combining the right blend of aperture, shutter speed and ISO settings.
If you want a more detailed over-view of all of these settings, check out this video.
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